What Was the New Style of Art That Became Popular During the Enlightenment

Paris is without a incertitude ane of the most artistic cities in the world. Many artists went to Paris to go educated, trained and inspired past this capital and its inhabitants. Already in the 17th and 18th century artists went to this metropolis.

The king Louis 14 of France fifty-fifty founded a special academy, Académie Royale de la Peinture et de Sculpture. This institute- nowadays Académie des Beaux Arts- is still existing equally a part of the Institut de France.

_{The Palais Royal where the Académie Royale de la Peinture et de Sculpture was located.
Etching by Nicolas Langlois (1640-1703).}

Likewise the academic artists, lots of artists went by themselves to go inspired by the beauty of Paris. Peculiarly at the terminate of the 19th century and early 20th century, numerous artists from professionals to amateurs would paint street scenes similar in the artist area of Montmartre. At that time Paris was very stylish to visit past tourists, who arrived from all over the world. Souvenirs from their visit were bought and taken to their countries. Hence why you tin can find paintings or other artworks near Paris all over the globe.

Paris' reputation as the 'City of Lights' is accredited to its position every bit the intellectual middle during the Historic period of Enlightment. 'La Ville-Lumière' as Paris is chosen, was the birthplace of the Age of the Enlightenment or Age of Reason. It was the cradle of new enlighted ideas and eduction and from here it was spread throughout Europe and the remainder of the world. Especially the Church and political power of royals were challenged in their authority.

_{Copper engraving from: Diderot & d'Alembert 'Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers'.
Available at Robert Schreuder Antiquair}

The Encyclopédie

'The Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, par une Société de Gens de lettres' or in short the Encyclopédie, edited and printed in Paris by Denis Diderot betwixt 1751-1772, was 1 of the catalysators that spread the new ideas all over the world. This encyclopédia was and so special because it had contributions of many enlighted writers, similar Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Montesquieu and Voltaire, who spread the thought of the enlightment.

Every bit well it contained new ideas and subjects. Information technology challenged the traditional authorization of the Roman Catholic Church building and undermined the political establishment by promoting religious tolerance, liberty of thought, and the value of science and manufacture. Numerous attempts were fabricated to suppress its production, and subscribers were obliged to travel outside of Paris in social club to collect the last 10 volumes. Although this encyclopedia was fifty-fifty forbidden in France shortly in 1752 and censorship by the French say-so made it hard to go on this encyclopedia, the outcome of the new ideas of the Encyclopédistes - how the writers were chosen - was enormous. Even Catherine Two of Russian federation was influenced past this Encyclopedia.

_{The opening of the Russian Academy of Arts in St-Petersburg in 1757 was initiated past Catherine the Great.
Painting by Valory Jacobi (1834-1902)}

Neo-classicism

Influenced by the Enlightenment ideas, in fine art and compages a new movement became stylish: the Neo-Classicism. This new movement broke with the traditional (Catholic and royal) Baroque and Rococo style and had its inspiration in the classical art and civilisation of the classical antiquity.

Neo-classicism was born in Italy in the 18th century, at the time of the rediscovery of Pompeii (1748), Herculaneum (1709) and the Rosetta Stone (1799), yet its popularity spread all over Europe every bit a generation of European art students finished their Grand Tour voyage and returned from Italy to their home countries with newly rediscovered Greco-Roman ideals and souvenirs.

_{A micromosaic souvenir from the Grand Tour in Italian republic, bachelor at Robert Schreuder Antiquairs}

In the visual arts this new motility began around 1760 as a counter move for the then ascendant movements of Rococco and Baroque. The famous engravings serie 'the Ruins of Palmyra' past Robert Woods (1717-1771) were the first sytematic publications of ancient buildings. After this period you notice an increase in classical architect drawings and engravings of Greek and Roman temples, buildings and other objects. A good example are the works of the Italian engraver Giovanni Battista Piranesi (1720-1778). His oeuvre - more than 2000 drawings and 1028 engravings - became widely spread and appreciated by his contemporaries.

The lack of man examples from the ancient period gave artists freedom in depicting their impression in paintings. As well it created problems as how to depict a Roman or Greek person. Sculptors like Jean-Antoine Houdon (1741-1828) used examples of Roman sculptures and gained a lot of interest and success in their days.

_{Celebrating Jump past Jean Grandjean 1776, available at Kollenburg Antiquairs}

In architecture also the new movement inspired by the Greek and Roman period outset started in England and France. French architects trained in Rome designed buildings in the aboriginal tradition. The new buildings were very popular amongst progressive circles in French republic and England and were as well adopted by Russia, Germany and Sweden.

_{The main edifice where orginally the Imperial Academy of Arts was situated in St Petersburg (Russia). The building is synthetic in Neoclassical style.}

Goût Grec

Not only the exterior but equally well the interior of houses were influenced by the neo classical style. Information technology started around 1740 but by 1760 it became widely spread. And again in Paris a 'Goût Grec' or Greek taste was introduced: this style of the Parisian avant-garde upper class was the opposite of the courtroom style or Louis 16 style introduced by the Queen Marie Antoinette. This new manner became the predecessor of the French Directoire style and Empire style introduced at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century.

_{Jean-Charles Delafosse (1734-1789), iii designs for tripods in the goût grec sense of taste.}

The new interiors in these 'Goût Grec' sought to recreate an authentically Roman and genuinely interior vocabulary. It had a short life and was before long replaced by the 'Goût Étrusque' and 'Goût Arabesque' (Etruscian and Arabesque taste). Its style was astringent, with chunky classical details, and its beginning meaning appearance was in a set of article of furniture fabricated for the Parisian financier and patron of arts Ange-Laurent La Alive de Jully (Paris, 1725-1779) from designs by the painter and engraver Louis-Joseph Le Lorrain (Paris, 1715-1760). The austere monumentality of these pieces was in stark contrast to the light and elegant shapes of the Rococo which had dominated French fine art in the offset half of the century.

In general you can conclude that the phylosophical and intellectual movement that dominated the 18th century as well influenced new art and architect movements and created the path to a new era and new fine art movements. At the cease of the 18th century, thanks to the new ideas retrieved from the Enlightenment, the commencement of a new era began.

Please have look at Gallerease for more neo-classical art!

_{Principal painting: Anicet Charles Gabriel Lemonnier (1743-1824), Reading of Voltaire's tragedy of the orphan of Red china in the salon of Madame Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin}

stewartnineirackly1994.blogspot.com

Source: https://gallerease.com/en/magazine/articles/the-upcoming-of-gout-grec-neo-classical-style-and-the-spread-of-enlighted-ideas-is-dis__acfff1ee89e4

Share this post